Read the following extract from the speech carefully and then answer the questions below.
EXTRACT FROM MALALA YOUSAFZAI'S UN SPEECH, 12 JULY 2013
Bismillah ir-rahman ir-rahim. In the name of God, the most beneficent, the most merciful.
Honourable UN Secretary General Mr Ban Ki-moon, respected President General Assembly Vuk Jeremic, honourable UN Special Envoy for Global Education Mr Gordon Brown, respected elders and my dear brothers and sisters — assalamu alaikum.
Today is it an honour for me to be speaking again after a long time. Being here with such honourable people is a great moment in my life. I don't know where to begin my speech. I don't know what people would be expecting me to say. But first of all, thank you to God for whom we all are equal and thank you to every person who has prayed for my fast recovery and new life. I cannot believe how much love people have shown me.
Dear brothers and sisters, do remember one thing: Malala Day is not my day. Today is the day of every woman, every boy and every girl who have raised their voice for their rights. There are hundreds of human rights activists and social workers who are not only speaking for human rights, but who are struggling to achieve their goals of education, peace and equality. Thousands of people have been killed by the terrorists and millions have been injured.
I am here to speak for them, for those forgotten children who want education. I am here to speak up for the right of education of every child. I want education for the sons and daughters of all the extremists, especially the Taliban.
Dear brothers and sisters, we must not forget that millions of people are suffering from poverty, injustice and ignorance. We must not forget that millions of children are out of schools. We must not forget that our sisters and brothers are waiting for a bright peaceful future.
Guiding Question for Text
How does Malala Yousafzai use the conventions of formal speech-making and specific language choices to establish her authority and appeal to her global audience?
How does Malala use the rhetorical technique of anaphora in her speech? What is the cumulative persuasive effect of this device?
Analyse how Malala constructs her ethos — her personal authority and credibility — throughout this extract, drawing on both her biography and her language choices.
Examine how Malala shifts the focus from herself to a broader collective. What rhetorical purpose does this serve?
Discuss the features of formal speech-making evident in this extract — including audience address, structural organisation, and tone — and how they suit Malala's purpose and context.